Laboratories present distinct decarbonization challenges due to their energy-intensive operations, high process loads, and specialized equipment. Achieving high-performance, low-emission laboratories requires innovative strategies beyond conventional building approaches.

Passive design strategies—such as optimizing building orientation, insulation, glazing, natural ventilation, daylighting, shading, green roofs, and landscaping—are integral to reducing energy consumption. Once passive measures are implemented, advanced active strategies, including energy recovery systems, heat exchange, low-temperature heat pumps, and metering technologies, can address laboratories’ significant energy demands and prevent overdesign.

Integrating these strategies with lab-specific innovations facilitates the development of low-carbon laboratories, with support and guidance from frameworks such as the Zero Carbon Building Standards, LEED, and IREE.